Weight loss can be a challenging and often frustrating journey for many people. For some, diet and exercise alone may not be enough to achieve their weight loss goals. Fortunately, there are several FDA-approved medications that can assist in the weight loss process when combined with a healthy lifestyle. These medications can help individuals reduce appetite, increase feelings of fullness, or even affect the body’s metabolism to promote weight loss.
In this blog, we will explore the top 5 weight loss medications approved in the USA, how they work, and how Know Your Health encourages individuals to stay informed about their treatment options to achieve safe and sustainable weight loss results.
1. Semaglutide (Wegovy)
Semaglutide, sold under the brand name Wegovy, is a relatively new FDA-approved weight loss medication that has gained significant attention for its effectiveness in promoting weight loss. Originally used to treat type 2 diabetes under the brand name Ozempic, semaglutide was approved for weight loss in 2021.
How it Works: Semaglutide is a GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonist. It mimics the effects of a naturally occurring hormone in the body that helps regulate blood sugar levels and appetite. By activating GLP-1 receptors, semaglutide reduces hunger, slows gastric emptying, and increases feelings of fullness, which ultimately leads to reduced calorie intake.
Effectiveness: Clinical trials have shown that individuals taking semaglutide can lose an average of 15% to 20% of their body weight. In some cases, patients have experienced even higher levels of weight loss. This medication is typically prescribed to individuals with obesity or overweight conditions, and it is most effective when used in combination with a reduced-calorie diet and regular physical activity.
Know Your Health Tip: Know Your Health emphasizes the importance of working closely with a healthcare provider when considering semaglutide for weight loss. Your doctor can help monitor progress, adjust the dosage, and ensure safe and effective use of the medication.
2. Orlistat (Alli and Xenical)
Orlistat is one of the most well-known weight loss medications and has been approved by the FDA for over two decades. It works differently than most weight loss medications, as it targets fat absorption in the digestive system.
How it Works: Orlistat works by inhibiting the action of enzymes in the stomach and small intestine that break down fats from food. As a result, about 25% of the fat you consume is not absorbed and is instead excreted from the body. This leads to a reduction in overall calorie intake.
Effectiveness: When used as directed, orlistat can help people lose around 5% to 10% of their body weight over the course of a year. The over-the-counter version, Alli, contains a lower dose of orlistat, while Xenical is the prescription version with a higher dose.
Know Your Health Tip: While orlistat can be effective, it can also cause gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea, gas, and oily stools. Know Your Health recommends being aware of these potential side effects and maintaining a low-fat diet to reduce discomfort.
3. Phentermine (Adipex-P and Lomaira)
Phentermine is one of the oldest and most widely prescribed weight loss medications in the United States. It works by suppressing appetite, making it easier for individuals to stick to a calorie-restricted diet.
How it Works: Phentermine is an appetite suppressant that stimulates the release of norepinephrine in the brain, which reduces feelings of hunger. It’s often prescribed for short-term use, typically a few weeks, to kickstart a weight loss plan.
Effectiveness: Phentermine has been shown to help individuals lose around 5% to 10% of their body weight when used in combination with diet and exercise. It is typically recommended for individuals with a BMI of 30 or higher, or a BMI of 27 or higher with obesity-related health conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure.
Know Your Health Tip: Phentermine is generally recommended for short-term use due to its potential for dependence and side effects such as increased heart rate, dry mouth, and insomnia. Know Your Health suggests using this medication only under close supervision by a healthcare provider.
4. Liraglutide (Saxenda)
Liraglutide, marketed under the brand name Saxenda, is another GLP-1 receptor agonist similar to semaglutide. It was initially approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes under the brand name Victoza and later approved for weight loss.
How it Works: Like semaglutide, liraglutide mimics the action of the GLP-1 hormone in the body, which helps regulate appetite and blood sugar. It works by slowing gastric emptying, increasing feelings of fullness, and reducing hunger signals from the brain.
Effectiveness: In clinical studies, individuals taking liraglutide for weight loss experienced a weight loss of 5% to 10% of their total body weight. The medication is usually prescribed for those with obesity or overweight conditions who are also committed to making dietary changes and increasing physical activity.
Know Your Health Tip: Know Your Health encourages individuals to stay proactive when considering liraglutide for weight loss. Since it involves daily injections, it’s important to discuss with your healthcare provider how to manage the injection schedule and monitor any potential side effects.
5. Bupropion-Naltrexone (Contrave)
Contrave is a combination medication made up of bupropion and naltrexone. Bupropion is an antidepressant that also helps reduce appetite, while naltrexone is used to treat alcohol and opioid dependence. When combined, these two drugs work together to reduce food cravings and control hunger.
How it Works: Bupropion works by affecting the brain’s reward system, leading to reduced food cravings and fewer impulses to eat. Naltrexone, on the other hand, blocks certain brain receptors involved in hunger regulation. Together, they help individuals reduce their overall calorie intake.
Effectiveness: Studies show that people taking Contrave can lose an average of 5% to 10% of their body weight when combined with a healthy diet and exercise plan. This medication is generally prescribed for individuals who have struggled with weight loss through lifestyle changes alone.
Know Your Health Tip: Know Your Health advises that individuals using Contrave should be aware of potential side effects, including nausea, headache, and increased risk of suicidal thoughts. It’s crucial to consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance and monitoring.
Conclusion
There are several FDA-approved weight loss medications available in the USA, each with its own unique mechanism of action and benefits. Semaglutide, orlistat, phentermine, liraglutide, and bupropion-naltrexone are all effective options for individuals struggling with obesity or excess weight, especially when combined with lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet and exercise regimen.
As always, Know Your Health encourages individuals to consult with their healthcare provider before starting any weight loss medication. Understanding your unique health needs, potential risks, and the appropriate medication options will allow you to make informed decisions and achieve your long-term weight loss and health goals safely. By staying informed, you empower yourself to take control of your health and make choices that are best for your well-being.
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